Integrated weed management effects on the growth characteristics and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1Researcher, Agricultural and Natural Resources, Research Center ofTehran

2 Prof. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection

Abstract

In 2009, an experiment carried out in a farm at Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Center of Tehran (ARNRCT) to determine the best method of integrated weed management of in cotton fields. The experimental design was a split block design with four replications by 20 treatments. The main plots were consisted four levels of weed management practices including herbicide trifluralin along with one round and two-round hand weeding, untreated control weeds and fully control of all weeds. Sub plots were five cotton cultivars including Varamin, Oltan, Mehr, Sepid and Khordad. The results showed that among the methods, trifluralin herbicide application with two-stage hand weeding were the appropriate control treatments, while weed dry weight was reduced and cotton yield was increased in all cultivars. Optimal growth conditions with increasing height, producing vegetative and reproductive shoots, leaf area and canopy resulted in increased competitiveness in the cotton plants. Sepid variety despite lower height between varieties produced more leaves and stems dry weight, reduced dry weight of weeds. Oltan gained lowest yield among the varieties, due to the canopy structure and the type of growth. In contrast, Varamin and Khordad had dominate performance in the presence of weeds because of maximum height, number of reproductive shoots, number of nodes and shoot dry weight as more extensive canopy and good leaf coverage.

Keywords

References

Arabsalmani, M. 2010. The final report of the Strategic Plan of cotton and fiber plants.
Baghestani, M.A., and Zand, E. 2004. Evalution of competitive ability of some winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes against weeds with attention to Goldbachia Laevigata DC. and Avena Ludoviciana Dur. In Karaj, Journal of Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 72: 91-111.
Baiat Asadi, H., and Arabsalmani, M. 2005. Cotton pests, Diseases and weeds in Iran and their integrated management. Agricultural Education publication. 173-177.
Coble, H.D. and Byrd, J.D. 1992. Interference of weeds with cotton. In c.g. Mc whorter and J.R. Abernathy, Weeds of cotton: characterization and control. pp. 73-84.
Deihim Fard, R., Baghestani, M.A., Sofizadeh, S. and Abdolahian, M. 2004. The role of genetic progress and improve operations to increase the competitiveness of Agricultural crops for use in integrated weed management. Sixteenth Congress of Plant Protection. Tabriz. P.1-62.
Ghadiri, H. 1996. The concept and application of critical period of weed control. Proceedings of the fourth key Iranian Crop Science Congress.
Gibson, K.D., Hill, J.E., Foin, T.C., Caton, B.P. and Fischer, A.J. 2001. Water seeded rice cultivars differ in ability to interfere with watergrass. Agronomy Journal. 93:326-332.
Higgins, J.M., and Walker, R.H. 1985. Coffee Senna (Cassia Occidentalis) competition with cotton (gossypium hirsutum). Weed science, 34: 52-56.
Hosseini nejad, Z. 2000. Cotton varieties introduced in Iran 1959-1996. Cotton Research Institute Deputy Varamin.
Keeley, P.E. and Thullen, R.J. 1989. Growth and competition of black nightshade (solamun nigrum) and Palmer Amaranth (Amarantbus palmeri) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed science 37: 326–334
Khajeh pour, M.R. 1995. Production of industrial crops. SID publishing industries. P.251.
Mirshekari, B. 2005. Weeds and their management. Publication in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz.
Naseri, F. 1995. Cotton. Press the cultural division of Astan Quds Razavi.
Pelin, W.A., Price, A.J., Wilcut, J.W., Edmisten, K.L. and Wells, R. 2001. Absorption and translocation of glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant cotton as influenced by application method and growth stag. Weed science 49:460-467.
Rashed Mohasel, M.H., and Hoseini, S.A. 2007. Expanding the Context of Weed Management. Published Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. P: 322.
Rahimian Mashadi, H. 1996. Weeds and Climate Change. Proceedings of the fourth key Iranian Crop Science Congress.
Richards, M.C. 1989. Crop competitiveness as on aid to weed control. Brighton crop protection conference weeds.
Salami, H., Atri, A.R. and Rahimiyan Mashadi, H. 2001. Determination of the critical period of weed control in cotton fields. Journal of Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 73:47
Salimi, H., and Mosavi, M.R. 1992. Damage Evaluation and Comparison of hand weeding and chemical control of weeds in cotton. Journal of Applied Entomology and Phytopathology. 32:218
Shimi, P., and Termeh, F. 1994. Collection of weeds in Iran. Published Iranian Research Institute and plant Protection
Shahrodi, M., Hejazi, A. and Rahimiyan Mashadi, H. 1999. The effect of different periods of competition and weed control on yield and morpho-physiological traits in sunflower. Proceedings of the Fifteenth Congress of Plant Protection. 2:128.
Teymoori, M., Baghestani, M.A., Zand, E., Madani, H. and Bankesaz, A. 2001. Investigating Corn Density and Different Weed Management Methods in Corn (Zea mays) Fields, Iranian journal of Weed Science, 7:37-47.
Van Heemst, H.D.J. 1985. The influence of weed competition on yield. Agriculture system 18:81-93.
W Rowland, matt. 1999. Full-season palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmer) interference with cotton (gossypium hirsutum). Weed science. 47:305-309 Zand, E., Koocheki, A. Rahimiyan Mashadi, H. Deyhim Fard, R., Soofizadeh, and Nassiri Mahallati, S.M. 2004. Studies on some ecophysiological traits associated with competitiveness of old and new Iranian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars against wild oat (Avena ludoviciana L.). Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research 2:160-175.
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics