Evaluation of phenology and yield of Golestan and Latif cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum L.) affected by planting date and nitrogen

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Agroecology,Institue of Environment Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 Agroecology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN

3 Agroecology, Institute of Evironmental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN

4 Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran.

Abstract

Cotton as one of the important crops in the country is of great importance and population growth also increases the need to increase its production. Field experiment was conducted in 2016 in the fields of Cotton Research Station of Gorgan in Hashem Abad as factorial split plot in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were including planting date on 29 June and 19 July as the main factor, varities of Latif and Golestan as sub-plots and three levels of nitrogen including optimum, one third of optimum and without fertilizer application were as sub-sub plots. Optimum fertilizer application was about 160 kg/ ha, and in one third about 53 kg/ha. Results showed that planting date and different levels of nitrogen in the majority of phenological traits, yield and yield components of Latif and Golestan at the level of 5% were significant. Golestan variety at the first planting date (29 June) and 160 kg/ha fertilizer, had the highest yield, grain yield, boll weight and boll number per square meter at the rates of 3868, 2532, and 4265 kg/ ha and 128 bolls per square meter, respectively. The highest lint yield and the number of bolls per square meter by 783 kg/ha and 72.3 bolls per square meter were observed in the control fertilizer which decreased by increasing nitrogen levels from zero to 160 kg /ha due to the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the vegetative growth and delays the reproductive growth. The results showed that in the first planting date varieties of Latif and Golestan respectively 118 and 126 days after planting were into physiological maturity (open bolls) while on the second planting date, cotton cultivars after 141 days, enter a stage of maturity. Probably one of the reasons for high yield in first sowing date was the prematurity of cultivars

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Cotton Researches
Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 9
September 2017
Pages 109-124

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