The Effect of Growth Regulators on Vegetative and Reproductive Traits of Different Cotton Cultivars in Gorgan Region

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University- Gorgan Branch, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan Razavi, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, University of Torbat-e Jam, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University- Gorgan Branch, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran.

Abstract

In order to investigate the effect of growth regulators on a number of morphological characteristics of cotton cultivars, the present research was conducted as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at Hashemabad Cotton Research Station, Gorgan in 2016 and 2017. Factors included growth regulators treatments with 6 levels (control, benzyl adenine, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroid, and cycocel) and three cotton cultivars of Golestan, Kashmar, and Shayan. Growth regulators affected most traits. Cycocel produced the highest number of bolls per plant (13.4) and abscisic acid reduced the number of bolls by 25% compared to the control. Salicylic acid increased, and abscisic acid and cycocel decreased the distance from the first sympodia to the ground. The highest number of fifth sympodia nodes, respectively, with an average of 7.17, 7.09 and 7.07, was allocated to foliar application with salicylic acid, brasinosteroid and cycocel, and the lowest with 6.07 and 6.13 belonged to abscisic acid and benzyl adenine. Overall, salicylic acid and benzyl adenine were able to increase the internodes length and abscisic acid and cycocel to reduce it. Therefore, with the aim of selecting cultivars with higher boll number, it is possible to use growth regulator of brasinosteroid or cycocel, and Golestan and Shayan cultivars, but to select a higher early maturity percentage, salicylic acid or cycocel, and Kashmar and Shayan cultivars can be used. In general, it is possible to recommend the cycocel growth regulator and Shayan cultivar.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdel-Aziz, N., El-Quesni Fatma, G. and Farahat, M. 2007. Response of vegetative growth and some chemical constituents of Syngonium podophyllum L. to foliar application of thiamine, ascorbic acid and kinetin at Nubaria. World Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(3): 301-305.
  2. Agustina, B.V., Cesar, P., Antonio, H.J. and Pedro, D.V. 2017. The effect of abiotic stress on the salicylic acid biosynthetic pathway from mandelonitrile in peach. The Preprint Server for Biology. In Press.
  3. Alishah, O. and Ahmadikhah. A. 2009. The effects of drought stress on improved cotton varieties in Golestan province of Iran. International Journal of Plant Production, 3(1): 17-26.
  4. Ashraf, M., Azhar, N. and. Hussain, M. 2008. Indole acetic acid induced change ingrawth, relative water contents and gas exchange attribute of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown under water stress condation. Journal of  Plant Growth Regulation, 50: 85-90.
  5. Basuchaudhuri, P. 2016. Influences of plant growth regulators on yield of soybean. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences, 5(4): 2319-3824.
  6. Camas, N., Cirak, C. and Esendal, E. 2007. Seed yield, oil contend and fatty acids composition of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) grown in northern Turkey conditions. Journal of Agricultural Faculty, 22(1): 98-104.
  7. De Smet, I., Signora, L. Beeckman, T. Inze, D. Foyer, C.H. and Zhang, H. 2003. An abscisic acid- sensitive checkpoint in lateral root development of Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal, 33: 543-555.
  8. Emam, Y. and Moayed, G.R. 2000. Effect of planting density and chlormequat chloride on morphological and physiological characteristics of winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivar "Valfajr". Journal of Agricultural and Sciences and Technology, 2: 75-83.
  9. Fathi Sadabadi, M. And Navabi, F. 2015. Effect of drought stress on yield and yield components on four cotton genotypes in Darab region. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 10(2): 124-110. In Persian.
  10. Ghasemi Bezdi, K., Bay, Z. and Behrooz, A. 2011. The effects of hormonal components of nutrient medium, cultivar and explant type on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) callus formation in vitro. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 47: 3256-3263.
  11. Ghasemi Bezdi, K. and Faez, R. 2016. The relationship between morphological characteristics of cotton (Gossypium spp.) genotypes and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) population in the Gorgan region. Iranian Journal of Cotton Researches, 3(1): 85-101. In Persian.
  12. Hamidi, A., Ghasemi Bezdi K. and Jafari Y. 2018. Evaluation of Morphological Characteristics of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) New Genotypes in Golestan Province. Journal of Crop Breeding, 10(27):  66-74. In Persian.
  13. Hazrati, C. and Tahmasbi, Z. 2013. Effect of different levels of nitrogen and foliar hormone benzyladenine (BA) on the growth and production plant offshoots (Aloe vera L.). Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 28(2): 210-223. In Persian.
  14. Jafari, M., Saadatmand, S., Zangi, A.R. and Iranbakhsh, A.R. 2017. The effect of growth regulators Mepiquat Chloride on the growth parameters of the new cultivars of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under salt stress. Quarterly Journal of Developmental Biology, 9(4): 37-58. In Persian.
  15. Jazizadeh, A. and Mortezainejad, F. 2018. Effect of drought stress on physiological and morphological indices of chicory in green space. Plant Process and Function, 66(21): 279-190. In Persian.
  16. Karimi, M., Sari Khani, H. and Gholami, M. 2013. Micropropagation of basic CN15 (peach hybrids and almonds). Master of Science Degree in Horticultural Sciences. Bu Ali Sina University, 84 pages. In Persian.
  17. Keshavarz, H. and Modares Sanavi, M. 2014. Effect of salicylic acid on chlorophyll, some growth characteristics and yield of two rapeseed cultivars. Journal of Crop Production, 7(4): 178-161. In Persian.
  18. Mirzaei, M. M., Ghorbani, P., Roozbahani, A. And Qadri, A. 2019. Effect of drought stress, chemical and biological fertilizers on yield and essential oil of borage (Borago officinalis L.). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 11(36): 77-67. In Persian.
  19. Mohsenian S.N., Ghasemi Bezdi K. and Dadashi M.R. 2016. The evaluation of correlation between morphological characteristics in different cultivars of two tetraploid cotton species. Iranian Journal of Cotton Researches, 4(2): 45-62. In Persian.
  20. Narimani, R., Moghaddam, M. and Mojarbi, Q. 2016. Microprophylaxis of medicinal plant at risk of extinction of virgin ponies. Cell and Tissue Journal, 7 (4): 397-387. In Persian.
  21. Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Emam, Y. and Ashraf, M. 2014. Impact of cycocel on seed germination and growth in some commercial crops under osmotic stress conditions. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 60(9): 1277-1289.
  22. Pociecha, E., Dziurka, M., Oklestkova, J. and Janeczko, A. 2016. Brassinosteroids increase winter survival of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) by affecting photosynthetic capacity and carbohydrate metabolism during the cold acclimation process. Plant Growth Regulation, 80(2): 127-135.
  23. Ramesh, R. and Ramprasad, E. 2013. Effect of plant growth regulators on morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of soybean (Glycine max l. Merrill). Helix, 6: 441-447.
  24. Rao, S.S., Tanwar, S.P.S. and Regar, P.L. 2016. Effect of deficit irrigation, phosphorous inoculation and cycocel spray on root growth, seed cotton yield and water productivity of drip irrigated cotton in arid environment. Agricultural Water Management, 169: 14-25.
  25. Reddy, R.K., Hodges, H.F. and Mckinion, J.M. 1997. Modeling temperature effect on cotton internode and leaf growth. Crop Science, 37: 503-509.
  26. Sainio, P.P., Rajala, A., Simmons, S., Caspers, R. and Stutman, D.D. 2003. Plant growth regulator and daylenght effects on preanthesis main shoot and tiller growth in conventional and dwarf Oat. Crop Science, 43: 227-233.
  27. Schmulling, T. 2002. New insights into the functions of cytokinins in plant development. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 21: 40-49.
  28. Sirus Mehr, A.R., Shakiba, M.R., Alyari, H., Tourchi, M. and Dabagh Mohammadi Nasab, A. 2008. Effect of drought stress and density on yield and some morphological characteristics of autumn safflower cultivars. International Society for Horticultural Science, 78: 80-87.
  29. Soltanpour, M., Mahna, N. and Farsadokhtar, N. 2018 The effect of different concentrations of growth regulators on callus and rice flower marketing. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 10(4): 92-76. In Persian.
  30. Swamy, K., Rao, N.S. and Ram, S. 2010. Effect of brassinosteroids on rooting and early vegetative growth of Coleus [Plectranthus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq.] stem cuttings. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 1(1) :68-73.
  31. Tang, J., Han, Z. and Chai, J. 2016. Q &A: what are brassinosteroids and how do they act in plants BMC Biology, 14(1): 1-5.
  32. Towhidi, M. and Fallahi, R. 2016. Evaluation of yield and yield components of maize by foliar application of salicylic acid. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 10(3): 645-656.
  33. Wang, L.J., Fan, L. Loescher, W. Duan, W. Guo-Jie, L. Jian-Shan, C. Hai, L. and Li, S. 2010. Salicylic acid alleviates decreases in photosynthesis under heat stress and accelerates recovery in grapevine leaves. BMC Plant Biology, 10: 34-41.
  34. Zamaninejad, M., Khavari Khorasani, S., Jami Moeini, M. and Heidarian, A. 2013. Effect of salicylic acid on morphological characteristics, yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.) under drought conditions. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(2): 153-161.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics