Document Type : Review
Authors
1
Agricultural Engineering Department, Minab Higher Education center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar abbas.
2
Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
3
1- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
10.22092/ijcr.2024.365896.1216
Abstract
Background and objectives: Ethylene is a plant hormone with specific gaseous form that plays key role in many growth and development processes. Biosynthesis and signaling pathway of ethylene has been well undertaken by a wide number of studies. In addition to its function as a plant growth regulator, ethylene is involved in phenomena such as pathogenesis and defense responses in plants. Also, ethylene exhibits antagonistic and synergistic effects on other defense hormones like salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and abscisic acid, regulating various defense responses through activating different transcription factors in its complicated signaling pathway. Dual function of ethylene in two completely different processes, pathogenesis and resistance, clearly shows this complexity. Investigation of spatial patterns of ethylene shows its local and systemic activity in the induction of plant defense genes. The cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as an economically important crop, is attacked by a number of pests and plant pathogens that significantly reduce the quantity and quality of the cotton product. One of the most important pathogens is the soil fungus Verticillium dahliae, which causes verticillium wilt disease in cotton and is highly destructive pathogen. This pathogen causes symptoms such as wilting, chlorosis and necrosis in the cotton plants. In this paper, we attempted to review the results of previous studies on the interaction between ethylene and cotton diseases for illustrating a clearer picture of ethylene role in both pathogenesis and resistance processes against cotton pathogens.
Conclusion: Ethylene plays a role in signaling during cotton-fungus V. dahliae interaction, and some components involved in ethylene signaling positively regulate cotton resistance to V. dahliae. On the other hand, in the cotton plants with defoliation symptoms induced by the fungus V. dahliae, the ethylene production is directly related to the severity of verticillium wilt in cotton. As a result, it seems that ethylene plays multiple and complex roles in regulating the immunity of cotton plant against V. dahliae fungus, which is involved in increasing the resistance and sensitivity of the cotton plants. Knowing more about the role of ethylene in cotton plants and identifying the positive and negative regulators of ethylene could be a promising option in order to generate disease resistance against plant pathogens.
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