Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Assistant Prof., Cotton Research Institute of Iran
2
Department of Biology, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
3
موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران.
4
مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران
10.22092/ijcr.2023.354666.1167
Abstract
Background and objectives: The salinization of soils and the optimal use of this vast area, the search for a suitable solution for the cultivation of a suitable crop is a priority of research. The cotton plant is semi-tolerant to salinity, but depending on the extent of species diversity, the yield alone cannot provide a reasonable indication of stress tolerance. Therefore, the study of biochemical and physiological characteristics of different species should provide comprehensive information on the cultivation and distribution of different species at different salinity levels.
Materials and methods: The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of different cotton species at different salinity levels. 8 species of Delinting cotton seeds, including G. herbaceum, G. arboretum, G. hirsutum, and G. barbadense, were grown in three replicates in large nylon pots using a randomized complete block design with three non-salinity levels (less than 4 dSm-1), medium salinity (8-9 dSm-1), and high salinity (12-13 dSm-1).
Results: The results showed that at high salinity, non-phenolic compounds and phenolic content were highest and lowest, respectively, in the seed coat of Dr. Omumi and Golestan cultivars. At high salinity, the phenolic content of the seeds was highest in the Golestan cultivar. The lowest amount of tannin in the seed of Sepid cultivar was at salinity of 8 to 9 dSm-1, which decreased by 3.9%, 8.7% and 5.6%, respectively, compared to Dr. Omumi, Barbadens and Kerman indigenous cultivars at this salinity. Arbariums had the highest and lowest glycine-betaine concentrations at 8 to 9 dSm-1 and Mehriz at 12 to 13 dSm-1, respectively. At moderate salinity, protein concentration was highest in seeds of Mehriz variety. The protein concentration in the seeds of Golestan variety at both salinity levels and Dr. Omumi variety in non-saline environment increased significantly compared to the other varieties. At high salinity, the leaves of the Golestan cultivar had the lowest wax concentration among all cultivars, while at medium salinity the greatest wax accumulation was observed in the seed coat of the Golestan cultivar. The Golestan variety showed the highest proline concentration in the leaf at high salinity. The highest and the lowest proline content in the root were observed in Termez 14 at high salinity and in Dr. Omumi at medium salinity. At 8-9 dSm-1 salinity, Mehriz and Barbadens cultivars had the highest seed and fiber weight, respectively, while the lowest seed and fiber weight was recorded in Arbarium cultivar.
Conclusion: At 12-13 dSm-1, the cultivars Arbarium and Bomi-kerman had no bolls. It appears that the Golestan cultivar is the most tolerant to salt stress compared to other cultivars because it contains more proline, tannin, phenol, and wax. The varieties Bomi-kerman and Sepid, which stop flowering at high salinity, are also sensitive to 12-13dSm.-1
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