ارزیابی اثرات نحوه کاربرد علف‌کش ترفلان بر کنترل علف‌های هرز در روش‌های مختلف خاک‌ورزی‌ در پنبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اراک

2 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و مناطبع طبیعی گلستان

3 دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی اثرات روش‌های مختلف خاک‌ورزی و نحوه مصرف علف‌کش‌ ترفلان بر عملکرد پنبه و کنترل علف‌های هرز، تحقیقی بصورت آزمایش کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مزرعه آزمایشی در جنوب شرقی شهرستان علی‌آباد کتول در سال 1393 اجرا شد. در این مطالعه عامل اصلی را خاک‌ورزی در سه سطح استفاده از گاو آهن برگردان‌دار، گاوآهن بشقابی و گاو آهن قلمی بود و سطوح عامل فرعی را وجین دستی در طول دوره رشد و استفاده از علف‌کش ترفلان از ماده تجاری 48% در پنج سطح: مصرف 5/1 لیتر در هکتار در زمان آبیاری اولیه قبل از کاشت و 5/1 لیتر همراه با اولین آب‌آبیاری در هفته ششم پس از کاشت، مصرف 5/1 لیتر در هکتار قبل از کاشت و 5/1 لیتر در هفته ششم پس از کاشت و اختلاط با خاک بوسیله کولتیواتور، مصرف 3 لیتر در هکتار پس از کاشت و قبل از ‌آبیاری، مصرف 3 لیتر در هکتار قبل از کاشت و مخلوط با خاک و تیمار عدم کنترل علف‌های هرز به‌عنوان تیمار شاهد تشکیل می‌داد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین درصد فراوانی نسبی در علف‌های هرز متعلق به تاج خروس (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) و پهن برگان بود. عامل خاک‌ورزی تاثیر معنی‌داری بر عملکرد کل وش و وزن خشک کل علف‌های هرز نداشت اما تعداد غوزه در بوته تحت اثر معنی‌دار قرار گرفت. در بین سطوح مختلف عامل علف‌کش، تیمار وجین دستی بالاترین عملکرد کل وش را به دست داد. در این مطالعه وزن خشک علف‌های هرز در هفته چهارم نقش تعیین کننده‌ای بر عملکرد کل وش و تعداد غوزه در بوته بالاترین همبستگی را در بین اجزای عملکرد با عملکرد کل وش داشت. بررسی برهم کنش عوامل آزمایش مشخص ساخت که می‌توان در صورت عدم استفاده از وجین‌دستی از علف‌کش ترفلان به میزان 3 لیتر قبل از کاشت در راستای حصول به حداکثر عملکرد استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Treflan application manner on weeds control under different tillage methods in cotton cultivation (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Samavatian 1
  • Mohammad Barzali 2
  • Zahra Rafiei Kerh Roodi 3
1 Weed Control and Management Dept, Agricultural Col. IAU. Arak Branch.
2 Assistant Prof. Cropand Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Gorgan, iran
3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Agricultural College, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of different tillage methods and Treflan application manner on cotton yield and weeds control, this study was conducted in a research farm in south east of Ali Abad Katool district in 2014. This study arranged in split block design under RCBD with 4 replications. Main factors were tillage (Moldboard plow (T1), disk plow (T2) and chisel plow (T3)), and Treflan application manner as sub factor (hand hoeing (H1), Treflan application by PPI methods with 1.5 lit/ha plus using of Treflan at the sixth weeks after planting with application rate of 1.5 lit/ha with irrigation (herbigation) (H2), Treflan application by PPI methods with 1.5 lit/ha plus using of Treflan at the sixth weeks after planting with application rate of 1.5 lit/ha with soil incorporated by cultivator (H3), 3 lit/ha Treflan application after sowing by PPI before irrigating (H4) and 3 Lit/ha Treflan application before sowing by PPI before irrigating (H5) and no weed control  (H6)). In current study, the most relative abundance percent was belonged to redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and board leaf weeds.  Results revealed that tillage factor had no significant effect on total lint yield and total weed dry weight except of boll number per plant. The highest total lint yield was produced by hand hoeing among different herbicide levels., Total dry weight of weed in forth week after cotton sowing had main role for the maximum total lint yield production, meanwhile the most significant and positive correlation among yield with yield components was seen with boll number per plant. Investigation of traits interaction effects showed that in case of no application of hand hoeing in cotton cultivation, it could be recommended to apply 3 Lit/ha Treflan before sowing.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
  • weed
  • Tillage
  • yield

مراجع

  1. Abbassian, A., Rashed Mohassel, M. H., Nazemi, A. and Izadi, A. E. 2016. Community structure and species diversity of chickpea weeds in application of Imazethapyr and Trifluralin. Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 110: 39-45. (In Persian with English Abstract).
  2. Ashworth, A. J., Allen, F. L., Saxton, A. M., and Tyler, D. D. 2016. Long-term cotton yield impacts from cropping rotations and bio covers under no-tillage. Journal of Cotton Science, 20: 95-102.
  3. Balkcoma, K, S., Pricea, A. J., Santenb, E. V., Delaneyb, D. P., Boykinc, D. L., Arriagaa, F. J., Bergtoldd, J. S., Korneckia, T. S., and Rapere, R. L. 2010. Row spacing, tillage system, and herbicide technology affects cotton plant growth and yield. Field Crops Research, 117: 219-225.
  4. Berger, S. T., Ferrell, J. A., Rowland, D. L., and Webster, T. M. 2015. Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) competition for water in cotton. Weed Technology, 63(4): 928-935.
  5. Buehring, N. 2010. Prowl and Treflan in a roundup-cotton reduce tillage system. Proceedings of thirteenth annual national conservation systems cotton & rice conference. 24-26 Sep. P. 769.
  6. Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Everman, W. J., Seagroves, R. W., Braswell, L. R., and Jennings, K. M. 2015. Weed control in cotton by combinations of micro-encapsulated Acetochlor and various residual herbicides applied pre-emergence. Weed Technology, 29(4): 758-770.
  7. Chinnusamy, N., and Chinnagounder, C. 2013. Evaluation of weed control efficacy and seed cotton yield in transgenic cotton. Indian J. of Appl. Res. 3(6): 10-12.
  8. Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Kichler, J., and Smith, J. 2017. Controlling glyphosate-resistant palmer amaranth in 2017 cotton with Liberty or Roundup + Liberty programs. Available on: gaweed.com/HomepageFiles/2017%20Cotton-Palmer%20amaranth%20Jan%2011.pdf
  9. Elahi, S., Sadr Abadi Haghighi, R., and Ali Moradi, L. 2010. Investigation of species diversity, structure and performance in weed communities of Bardaskan pistachio orchards. J. of Agroecology. 2(4): 574-586. (In Persian with English Abstract).
  10. Eure, P. M., Culpepper, A. S., Merchant, R. M., and Roberts, P. M. 2015. Weed control, crop response, and profitability when intercropping cantaloupe and cotton. Weed Technology, 29(2): 217-225.
  11. Gardarin, A., Dürr, C., and Colbach, N. 2012. Ecological modeling of weeds. Elsevier‏ Pub., 482 pp.
  12. Green-Tracewicz, E., Page, E. R., and Swanton, C. J. 2011. Shade avoidance in soybean reduces branching and increases plant-to-plant variability in biomass and yield per plant. Weed Science, 59(1): 43-49.
  13. Habibian, L., Younes Abadi, M., and Savari Nejad, A. 2017. Investigation of weed flora and relative importance index determination in Golestan province cotton farms. Proceedings of the second national congress of monitoring and forecasting in plant protection, 23 Feb. Gonbad, Iran. P. 854. (In Persian).
  14. Inman, M. D., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., and Jennings, K. M. 2016. Long-term management of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in dicamba-tolerant cotton. Weed Technology, 64(1): 161-169.                              
  15. Kazemeini, S. A., Talebbeigi, R. M., and Valizade, M. 2016. Effect of nitrogen and wheat residue on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield and weed control. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 62(3): 395-412.
  16. Kelton, J. A., Price, A. J., Patterson, M. G., Monks, C. D., and Van Santen, E. 2013. Evaluation of tillage and herbicide interaction for Amaranthus control in cotton. Weed Technology, 27(2): 298-304.
  17. Keshtkar, E., Alizadeh, H., and Abbasi, F. 2010. Eradican application in herbigation manner and comparing it to usual consumption in Zea (Zea mays L.) weed control. Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 41(1): 1-10. (In Persian with English Abstract).
  18. Korres, N. E., and Norsworthy, J. K. 2015. Influence of a rye cover crop on the critical period for weed control in cotton. Weed Science, 63(1): 346-352.
  19. Ma, X., Yang, J., Wu, H., and Jiang, W. 2016. Growth analysis of cotton in competition with velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Technol. 30(1): 123-136.
  20. Majidi, R., and Fereidon Por, M. 2006. Effects of different seed bed preparation methods and Treflan application time on weed control of cotton farms. Technic. and Eng. Ins., Publ. No. 897. 32 pp. (In Persian).
  21. Mavunganidze, Z., Madakadze, I. C., Nyamangara, J., and Mafongoya, P. 2014. The impact of tillage system and herbicides on weed density, diversity and yield of cotton (Gossipium hirsutum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) under the smallholder sector. Crop Protection, 58: 25-32.
  22. Meyer, C. J., Norsworthy, J. K., Stephenson, D. O., and Bararpour, M. T. 2015.Control of Johnson grass in the absence of glyphosate in midsouth cotton production systems. Weed Technology, 29(4): 730-739.
  23. Mitchell, J. P., Shrestha, A., and Munk, D. S. 2016. Cotton response to long-term no-tillage and cover cropping in the San Joaquin valley. Journal of Cotton Science, 20:8-17.
  24. Mohammadi, S., and Baghestani, M. A. 2014. Integrated weed management effects on the growth characteristics and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Iranian Journal of Cotton Research, 1(2): 93-104. (in Persian with English Abstract).
  25. Norsworthy, J. K., Schrage, B. W., Barber, T. L., and Schwartz, L. M. 2016. Effect of shading, cultivar, and application timing on cotton tolerance to glufosinate. The Journal of Cotton Science, 20: 271-279.
  26. Nowrouzieh, Sh., Shamsabadi, H., and Nowruozi, M. 2014. Effect of conservational tillage and plant density on two cottons cultivars yield. Iranian Journal of Cotton Research, 1(2): 105-122. (in Persian with English Abstract).
  27. Preston, C., Watts, J. H., and Crossman, N. D. 2011. Managing weed in a changing climate. Australian Weed Science Association Publication. 904 pp.
  28. Raimondi, M. A., Oliveira, R. S., Constantin, J., Franchini, L. H. M., Blainski, E., and Raimondi, R. T. 2017.Weed interference in cotton plants grown with reduced spacing in the second harvest season. Revista Caatinga, 30(1): 1-12.
  29. Sahoo, T. R., Hulihalli, U. K., Paikaray, R. K., Mohapatra, U., and Sethi, D. 2017. Saflufenacil: A new group of chemical herbicide for effective weed management in maize. International Journal of Chemistry Studies, 5(1): 339-342.
  30. Salimi, H., Bazobandi, M., and Fereidon Por, M. 2010. Envetagation of different integrated weed management in cotton cultivation. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 3(1): 187-197. (International Journal of Chemistry Studies).
  31. Sardar, M., Behdani, M. A., Islami, S. V., and Mahmoodi, S. 2014. Effects of different tillage methods and weed control on double-cropped cotton yield after wheat. Iranian J. of Field Crops Res. 12(4): 784-792. (In Persian).
  32. Shahzad, M. A., Nadeem, M. A., Sarwar, M. A., Naseer-ud-Din, G. M., and Llahi, F. 2012. Comparative efficacy of different post-emergence herbicides in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Agriultural Science, 49: 27-34.
  33. Singh, S., Punia, S., Singh, A., and Brar, A. P. S. 2012.Weed control efficacy of trifluralin in cotton in N-W. India. Haryana Journal of Agronomy, 28 (1 & 2): 1-10.
  34. Singh, K., and Rathore, P. 2015. Efficacy evaluation of selected herbicides on weed control and productivity evaluation of cotton in Punjab Bt. Journal of Environmental Biology, 36(4): 993-998.
  35. Singh, R. K., Singh, S. R. K., and Gautam, U. S. 2013. Weed control efficiency of herbicides in irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Research Journal of Extension Education, 13(1): 126-128.
  36. Stanzen, L., Kumar, A., Puniya, R., Sharma, N., Sharma, A., Mahajan, A., and Chand Bana, R. 2017. Effect of tillage and weed management practices on weed dynamics and productivity in maize (Zea mays)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) system. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(4): 1907-1913.
  37. Steadman, J. 2017. Upgrading cotton control step by step. Available on: cottongrower. com/crop-inputs/weed-control/
  38. Steckel, l. 2015. Weed control manual. Available at: utcrops.com/weeds/ PDFs/ 2015 WeedControl-Manual.pdf
  39. Tursun, N., Datta, A., Tuncel, E., Kantaric, Z., and Knezevic, S. 2015. Nitrogen application influenced the critical period for weed control in cotton. Crop Protection, 74: 85-91.
  40. Usmana, K., Khana, N., Khanb, M. U., Rehmana, A., and Ghulamc, S. 2010. Impact of tillage and herbicides on weed density, yield and quality of cotton in wheat based cropping system. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(9): 1568-1579.
  41. Vaziri, J., Salamat, A., Entesari, M., and Heydari, N. 2008. Instruction of crops water demands estimation. Iranian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage Publ. 355 pp. (in Persian).
  42. Wagh, N. S., Katkar, R. N., and Kharche, V. K. 2016. Effect of tillage and nutrient management on seed cotton yield, yield contributing characters and total uptake by cotton. An Asian Journal of Soil Science, 11(12): 277-285.
  43. Weber, J. F., Kunz, C., Peteinatos, G. G., Zikeli, S., and Gerhards, R. 2017. Weed control using conventional tillage, reduced tillage, no-tillage, and cover crops in organic soybean. Agriculture, 7(43): 1-13.
  44. Younes Abadi, M., Savari Nejad, A., and Habibian, L. 2017. The changing of cotton farms weed flora in Golestan province in early decades. Proceedings of the second national congress of monitoring and forecasting in plant protection, 23 Feb. Gonbad, Iran. P. 854. (In Persian).

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار