ارزیابی اثرات نحوه کاربرد علف‌کش ترفلان بر کنترل علف‌های هرز در روش‌های مختلف خاک‌ورزی‌ در پنبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اراک

2 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و مناطبع طبیعی گلستان

3 دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی اثرات روش‌های مختلف خاک‌ورزی و نحوه مصرف علف‌کش‌ ترفلان بر عملکرد پنبه و کنترل علف‌های هرز، تحقیقی بصورت آزمایش کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مزرعه آزمایشی در جنوب شرقی شهرستان علی‌آباد کتول در سال 1393 اجرا شد. در این مطالعه عامل اصلی را خاک‌ورزی در سه سطح استفاده از گاو آهن برگردان‌دار، گاوآهن بشقابی و گاو آهن قلمی بود و سطوح عامل فرعی را وجین دستی در طول دوره رشد و استفاده از علف‌کش ترفلان از ماده تجاری 48% در پنج سطح: مصرف 5/1 لیتر در هکتار در زمان آبیاری اولیه قبل از کاشت و 5/1 لیتر همراه با اولین آب‌آبیاری در هفته ششم پس از کاشت، مصرف 5/1 لیتر در هکتار قبل از کاشت و 5/1 لیتر در هفته ششم پس از کاشت و اختلاط با خاک بوسیله کولتیواتور، مصرف 3 لیتر در هکتار پس از کاشت و قبل از ‌آبیاری، مصرف 3 لیتر در هکتار قبل از کاشت و مخلوط با خاک و تیمار عدم کنترل علف‌های هرز به‌عنوان تیمار شاهد تشکیل می‌داد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین درصد فراوانی نسبی در علف‌های هرز متعلق به تاج خروس (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) و پهن برگان بود. عامل خاک‌ورزی تاثیر معنی‌داری بر عملکرد کل وش و وزن خشک کل علف‌های هرز نداشت اما تعداد غوزه در بوته تحت اثر معنی‌دار قرار گرفت. در بین سطوح مختلف عامل علف‌کش، تیمار وجین دستی بالاترین عملکرد کل وش را به دست داد. در این مطالعه وزن خشک علف‌های هرز در هفته چهارم نقش تعیین کننده‌ای بر عملکرد کل وش و تعداد غوزه در بوته بالاترین همبستگی را در بین اجزای عملکرد با عملکرد کل وش داشت. بررسی برهم کنش عوامل آزمایش مشخص ساخت که می‌توان در صورت عدم استفاده از وجین‌دستی از علف‌کش ترفلان به میزان 3 لیتر قبل از کاشت در راستای حصول به حداکثر عملکرد استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Treflan application manner on weeds control under different tillage methods in cotton cultivation (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Samavatian 1
  • Mohammad Barzali 2
  • Zahra Rafiei Kerh Roodi 3
1 Weed Control and Management Dept, Agricultural Col. IAU. Arak Branch.
2 Assistant Prof. Cropand Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Gorgan, iran
3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Agricultural College, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of different tillage methods and Treflan application manner on cotton yield and weeds control, this study was conducted in a research farm in south east of Ali Abad Katool district in 2014. This study arranged in split block design under RCBD with 4 replications. Main factors were tillage (Moldboard plow (T1), disk plow (T2) and chisel plow (T3)), and Treflan application manner as sub factor (hand hoeing (H1), Treflan application by PPI methods with 1.5 lit/ha plus using of Treflan at the sixth weeks after planting with application rate of 1.5 lit/ha with irrigation (herbigation) (H2), Treflan application by PPI methods with 1.5 lit/ha plus using of Treflan at the sixth weeks after planting with application rate of 1.5 lit/ha with soil incorporated by cultivator (H3), 3 lit/ha Treflan application after sowing by PPI before irrigating (H4) and 3 Lit/ha Treflan application before sowing by PPI before irrigating (H5) and no weed control  (H6)). In current study, the most relative abundance percent was belonged to redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and board leaf weeds.  Results revealed that tillage factor had no significant effect on total lint yield and total weed dry weight except of boll number per plant. The highest total lint yield was produced by hand hoeing among different herbicide levels., Total dry weight of weed in forth week after cotton sowing had main role for the maximum total lint yield production, meanwhile the most significant and positive correlation among yield with yield components was seen with boll number per plant. Investigation of traits interaction effects showed that in case of no application of hand hoeing in cotton cultivation, it could be recommended to apply 3 Lit/ha Treflan before sowing.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
  • weed
  • Tillage
  • yield
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