نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران
2 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی، تهران، ایران
3 کارشناس آزمایشگاه
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction and Objective: Seed quality is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, harvest timing, and harvesting methods. After harvest, storage conditions such as humidity and temperature play a critical role in determining seed vigor. Since cotton seeds from all varieties must undergo ginning and subsequent storage before planting, it is essential to evaluate the factors affecting seed vigor and seed coat integrity. This study was conducted to assess the effects of seed longevity and the delinting process on the vigor characteristics of delinted seeds.
Material and Methods: To investigate the impact of delinting on seed viability, delinted seeds were evaluated at two stages—before neutralization and after processing. Seed vigor and seedling growth indices were monitored across five-time intervals: immediately after sampling, six months, and one year after storage. Traits measured included physical and qualitative characteristics of seeds, seed vigor indices, germination percentage, seed density, electrical conductivity, endosperm weight, and the proportion of healthy and damaged seeds. Seed vigor and seedling growth (coleoptile length, seedling length, and seedling dry weight) were evaluated every six months for one year. To assess field establishment, greening percentage, and yield potential, an experiment was conducted at the Hashem Abad Research Station using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each variety was planted mechanically in 6-meter rows. In addition to seedling establishment traits, agronomic characteristics including weight of 30 bolls, first harvest yield, total yield, and lint percentage were also recorded.
Results: The results showed that certified varieties such as Armaghan, Shayan, Golestan, and Zarin Dasht performed better immediately after harvest under treatments where seeds were disinfected following delinting compared to non-disinfected seeds. However, a decline in germination percentage was observed from the time of delinting to planting, most notably in the Shayan variety. Sajedi demonstrated the highest performance under both disinfected and non-disinfected conditions, while Armaghan showed the lowest performance under non-disinfected conditions. Furthermore, Golestan (Zarin Dasht) seeds that underwent disinfection had the highest hundred-seed weight after physiological maturity in the field.
Conclusion: Disinfection following the delinting process significantly improved seed vigor and agronomic performance across cotton varieties. These findings highlight the critical importance of proper seed storage and pre-planting management practices to maintain seed vigor and ensure optimal yield in cotton cultivation.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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