نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هیأت علمی
2 کارشناس ارشد و محقق، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان استان فارس، واحد ثبت
3 کارشناس ارشد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان استان فارس-داراب، واحد ثبت
4 کارشناس ارشد و محقق سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، کرج
5 کارشناس سازمان جهادکشاورزی استان گلستان، آزمایشگاه کیفیت الیاف پنبه اداره کل پنبه و دانههای روغنی–گرگان، ایران،
6 کارشناس سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، ورامین، ایران
7 کارشناس شرکت تعاونی پنبهکاران داراب، استان فارس، داراب، ایران
8 کارشناس ارشد شرکت تعاونی پنبهکاران داراب، استان فارس، داراب، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Aim: Cotton is one of the most important agricultural and industrial crops. Identifying and using appropriate cultivars is an important factor in producing and increasing the quantitative and qualitative yield of cotton. Considering the common practice of growing cotton as a second crop after harvesting winter grain fields in Fars province and the necessity of growing early cotton cultivars and late-maturing cotton cultivars, replacing Bakhtegan cultivar with new, earlier varieties is included in the program of the Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, and following that, new cotton cultivars such as Golestan cultivar have been improved and introduced for cultivation in this province, and new foreign varieties are also being introduced. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the yield and its components, early maturity, and some fiber quality characteristics of four new foreign cotton cultivars in Fars province (Darab) with the aim of recommending the cultivation of the superior cultivar or cultivars among these cultivars for that province and similar cotton growing areas.
Research Method: In order to introduce the superior cultivar or cultivars among four new foreign upland cotton cultivars due to recommendation for cultivation in Fars Province Darab region and similar cotton growing areas, evaluation of the lint yield, its components, earliness and fiber quality of four foreign cotton varieties was carried out in 1401 and 1402 in the lands of the Darab Cotton Farmers Cooperative Company in Bergan and Jannat Shahr counties of the Darab. The four new foreign studied upland cotton cultivars were: 1- May 344, 2- Lider, 3- Ranjer and 4- Ceyhan 520 and the control cultivars were the common cultivates cotton cultivars of the region, Bakhtegan and Golestan. The studied traits were: 1- seed cotton yield, 2- earliness, 3- boll number, 4- boll weight, 5- gin turn out, 6- length, 7- fineness index, 8- elongation, 9- strength and 10- uniformity of fibers.
Results: Results revealed, seed cotton yield of the Bakhtegan control cultivar by 4391.7 kg/ha and the May 344 cultivar by 2751.7 kg/ha had the highest and lowest yield, respectively. Among the studied foreign cultivars, the cultivar Lider by 3595.3 kg/ha had the highest yield. The Bakhtegan control cultivar by 135.125 and the Ceyhan 520 cultivar by 105.125 days from the time of planting to full boll opening time were the late and early maturity cultivars, respectively. The May 344 and Ranjer cultivars had the highest gin turn out by 42.054 and 40.948 percent, respectively, and the lowest gin turn out by 38.494 percent belonged to the Bakhtegan control cultivar. The May 344 cultivar, by 3.85 micrograms per inch (micronair) fiber fineness index, had the finest fibers, and the Ranger cultivar, by 4.475 micrograms per inch (micronair) fiber fineness index of, had the least fine fibers.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the experiment in the conditions of time and place of the trial conduction, the Bakhtegan and Golestan control cultivars were superior to the four foreign cultivars examined in terms of seed cotton yield. Also, the Ceyhan 520 new foreign cultivar was superior to the control cultivars in terms of earliness and fiber extension as well as fiber strength in the first year (1401). The new foreign variety May 344 was superior to the control cultivars in terms of gin turn out and fiber fineness, and the new foreign cultivar Lider was superior to the control cultivars in terms of fiber extension and fiber strength in the first year (2022). Therefore, considering the importance of earliness in cotton cultivation in Fars Province, where cotton is mainly cultivated as a second crop after cereal crops harvest, and some characteristics of the technological quality of the fibers, Ceyhan 520 and May 344 new foreign cultivar due to higher gin turn out are recommended for cultivation as new cotton cultivars in Fars Province.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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