تاثیر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن و آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد پنبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اعضای هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثرات متقابل مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژنه و آب آبیاری بر کارایی مصرف آب وعملکرد پنبه رقم ورامین طرحی با سه سطح آب آبیاری به میزان 45، 60، 75 درصد تبخیر از تشت کلاس A بعنوان فاکتور اصلی و 5 سطح نیتروژن خالص (0، 60، 120، 180 و 240) کیلوگرم در هکتار به عنوان فاکتور فرعی بصورت کرتهای خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار به مدت دوسال در مزرعه ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کاشمر و در خاکی با شوری 2/2 دسی زیمنس بر متراسیدیته 7/8 با بافت سیلتی لوم به اجرا درآمد.نتایج حاصل حاکی ازآن بود که اثر تیمارهای نیتروژن بر عمکرد وش ،تعداد قوزه، تعداد شاخه‌های جانبی و ارتفاع بوته معنی دار بود. درحالیکه اثر نیتروژن بر وزن قوزه معنی دار نبود. اثر تیمارهای آبیاری بر عملکرد معنی دار بود. اثر متقابل آب و نیتروژن بر عملکردوش ،تعداد قوزه، تعداد شاخه و ارتفاع بوته معنی دار بود و بیشترین عملکرد وش، تعداد قوزه، تعداد شاخه و ارتفاع بوته از تیمار نیتروژنی 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار و تیمار آبیاری به میزان 75 درصدتبخیر از تشت کلاس A بدست آمد. با کاهش میزان آب آبیاری کارآئی مصرف کود نیتروژنه نیز کاهش یافت. بطور کلی نتایج حاصل از اجرای طرح حاکی از آن است که در شرایط آزمایش تیمار برتر شامل مصرف 180 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار و آبیاری به میزان 75% تبخیر از تشت کلاس A (با مصرف 11647/5 متر مکعب آب در هکتار) بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different amount of N-fertilizer and irrigation water on yield and yield components of cotton

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Zabihi
  • M.R. Ramazani Moghaddam
  • S.M. Nourihosseini
Scientific staff Members of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorassan- e-Razavi
چکیده [English]

In order toinvestigation the effect of different amount of N-fertilizer and irrigation water on cotton yield of Varamin variety, an experiment was conducted in Kashmar agriculture and natural resource station in a Silty loam textured soil with EC=2.2 dS/m and pH=7.8. Experimental design was split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications which three levels of irrigation water including 45, 60 and 75 % cumulative evaporation of class A pan were as main plots and five levels of nitrogen including 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N/ha were as sub plots. Results showed that the effect of Nitrogen treatment on cotton yield, boll number, side branch number, and plant height was significant while N effect was not significant on boll weight. Irrigation treatments had significant effect on cotton yield.  The highest cotton yield, boll number, side branch number, and plant height was obtained from 180 kg N/ha treatment and irrigation at 75 % evaporation from class A pan. By reducing of irrigation water, N-use efficiency decreased as well. In general results of this experiment showed that  the best treatment was irrigation with 75 % evaporation from class A pan and 180 kg N/ha.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cotton
  • yield
  • nitrogen
  • irrigation water
  • WUE

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