غربالگری ژنوتیپ‎ های پنبه از نظر کارایی و پاسخ به پتاسیم با استفاده از تجزیه خوشه‎ ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان

4 دانشیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

بعضی از ژنوتیپ‎های پنبه، توانایی بیشتری در جذب پتاسیم از محیط رشد خود دارند و در پاسخ به مصرف کود پتاسیم نیز متفاوتند. شناسایی این ژنوتیپ‎ها،راهبرد بسیار موثری برای تولید بهینه پنبه در خاک‎های دچار کمبود پتاسیم و مصرف بهینه کود پتاسیم می‎باشد. در این تحقیق، در شرایط کمبود و کفایت پتاسیم در محیط کشت هیدروپونیک، کارایی استفاده و پاسخ به پتاسیم 25 ژنوتیپ مختلف پنبه، با استفاده از تجزیه‎ خوشه‎ای مورد مقایسه و گروه‎بندی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان دادکه کمبود پتاسیم منجر به کاهش معنی‎دار وزن خشک ریشه و اندام‎های هوایی ژنوتیپ‌های پنبه شد. همچنین با تامین پتاسیم کافی برای گیاه، غلظت و جذب آن نیز در ریشه و اندام‎های هوایی پنبه افزایش یافت. تجزیه خوشه‎ای، ژنوتیپ‎های پنبه را از نظر کارایی استفاده پتاسیم (شرایط کمبود) به چهار گروه غیر کارا، نسبتاً کارا، کارا و بسیار کارا تقسیم نمود که در آن،ژنوتیپ‎های SKT133، سپید و مهر در خوشه کارا و ژنوتیپ‎های شایان، N2G80، گلستان و ساجدی در خوشه بسیار کارا قرار گرفتند.سایر ژنوتیپ‎ها در گروه غیر کارا یا نسبتاً کارا بودند. همچنین، در پاسخ به مصرف پتاسیم (شرایط کفایت) ژنوتیپ‎های پنبه به چهار خوشه غیر پاسخ‎ده، کم پاسخ‎ده، نسبتاً پاسخ‎ده و پاسخ‎ده گروه‌بندی شدند.بر این اساس، ژنوتیپ‎های ساحل، M13، ساجدی، تابلادیلا و لطیف به عنوان ژنوتیپ‎های پاسخ‎ده شناسایی شدند. ژنوتیپ ساجدی که هم بسیار کارا و هم پاسخ‎ده به پتاسیم بود، بنابراین، برای استفاده در هر وضعیتی از پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک (کمبود یا کفایت)، توصیه می‎شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Screening of cotton genotypes for potassium use and response efficiencies throughcluster analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdoreza Gharanjiki 1
  • Esmaeil Dordipour 2
  • Omran Alishah 3
  • Farshid Ghaderifar 4
1 Ph.D. student, Soil Sci. Dept., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan
2 Associate Prof., Soil Sci. Dept., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan
3 Associate Prof., Cotton Research Institute of Iran, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran
4 Associate Prof., Agronomy Dept., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan
چکیده [English]

Some cotton genotypes take up potassium more potentially from the growth media and they are also different in response to K fertilizer application. Identification of these genotypes represents a very effective strategy for best cotton production in K deficient soils and optimum K fertilizer application. A hydroponically experiment was carried out to compare and rank 25 cotton genotypes through cluster analysis for K use and response efficiencies in deficient and sufficient K conditions. The results showed that potassium deficiency resulted in significant decrease in root and shoot dry weights of cotton genotypes. Also, by supplying sufficient potassium for the plant, its concentration and uptake increased in the root and shoots of cotton. Cluster analysis categorized cotton genotypes into four non-efficient, moderately efficient, efficient and highly efficient groups in terms of potassium use efficiency (deficiency conditions), in which the SKT133, Sepid and Mehr genotypes were stood in efficient cluster and Shayan, N2G80, Golestan and Sajjadi genotypes were found in the highly efficient cluster. Other genotypes were in non-efficient or moderately efficient groups. Also, in response to potassium application (sufficiency conditions), cotton genotypes were classified into four non-responsive, low responsive, moderately responsive, and responsive clusters. Accordingly, the genotypes of the Sahel, M13, Sajjadi, Tabladilla and Latif were identified as responsive genotypes. Sajid genotype, which is both highly efficient and responsive to potassium, is therefore recommended for use in any state of available soil potassium (deficiency or sufficiency).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Cotton
  • Genetic variation
  • Potassium efficiency

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