بررسی فعالیت برخی از آنزیم‌های اکسیداتیو و محافظت کننده‌های اسمزی ارقام مختلف پنبه در اراضی شور استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

2 پژوهشگر موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

به‎‌منظور بررسی تاثیر شوری بر فعالیت برخی اسیدهای آمینه و میزان فعالیت تعدادی از آنزیم‎های آنتی‎اکسیدان در ژنوتیپ‎های پنبه (Gossypium hirsutum L.) آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی و با 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی انبار الوم واقع در استان گلستان اجرا گردید. تیمار آزمایشی شامل هفت ژنوتیپ پنبه به نام‎های چکوروا، اوپال، شیرپان 539، 43200، سیلند، ساحل ‏و سپید که در خاکی با هدایت‌الکتریکی عصاره اشباع معادل 8/14 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر در زمان کشت مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. برای آبیاری از آب سد وشمگیر با شوری 3-5/2 دسی زیمنس بر متر استفاده گردید. جهت سنجش آزمایشات از برگ‎های پنجم و ششم و ساقه‎های گیاه سی روزه نمونه گیری انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که شوری خاک تاثیرمعنی‎داری بر عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیک ارقام داشته و با شدیدتر شدن تنش شوری فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، پلی‎فنلاکسیداز و اسیدآمینه‎های پرولین و گلیسین ‎‎بتائین افزایش یافت. همچنین در بین ارقام، از نظر فعالیت پراکسیداز و مقدارپرولین وگلیسین ‎‎بتائین در سطح یک درصد اختلاف معنی‎دار وجود داشت و فعالیت کاتالاز و مقدار گلیسین بتائین در شرایط شور در رقم سپید بالاتر از سایر ارقام بود و فعالیت پراکسیداز و محتوای پرولین در رقم اوپال بیشترین افزایش را داشت. طبق نتایج بدست آمده از مقایسه عملکرد ارقام در مزرعه نیز رقم اوپال با 2256 کیلوگرم درهکتار وش بیشترین عملکرد و رقم چکوروبا با 1399 کیلوگرم در هکتار کمترین عملکرد در بین هفت رقم را داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of salinity on the activity of some enzymes and accumulation of osmotic protectants in some cotton cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghorban Ali Roshani 1
  • Seyed Jalal Mirghasemi 2
1 Assistant Prof., Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
2 Researcher of Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of salinity on accumulation of amino acids and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in some genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) an experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in Anbar Olum’s research farm which is located in Golestan province. Treatments consisted of seven genotypes of cotton namely;Çukurova, opal, Shyrpan 539, 43200, Ciland, and a Sepid in a saline soil with the EC equivalent to 14.8 dS/m.The Voshmgir’s dam water was used for irrigation having the salinity of 2.5-3 dS/m. The 5th and 6th leaves and thirty days’ stems samples were taken. The results showed that the soil salinity had a significant effect on yield and physiological traits genotypes with more severe stress and activity of catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and amino acids proline and glycine betaine increased. Among the genotypes, the activity of peroxidase, proline and glycinebetaine was a significant difference with 99% of confidence and the activity of catalase and glycinebetaine in Sepid genotype was higher but the Opal genotype showed a higher amount of peroxidase activity and proline content. According to the results collected from the field, the Opal genotype with 2256 kg/ha of seed cotton yield had the highest and the Çukurova with 1399 kg/ha of seed cotton yield had the lowest performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cotton
  • Salt
  • Osmotic protectants
  • Yield

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