مطالعه برخی تغییرات بیوشیمیایی در ژنوتیپ‏ های‏ پنبه در شرایط آبیاری با آب شور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی- باغی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر در سال زراعی 94-1393 به‌منظور بررسی اثرات شوری آب آبیاری بر برخی تغییرات بیوشیمیایی ژنوتیپ‏‏های پرتوتابی شده موتانت پنبه در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان با استفاده از آزمایش کرت‎های خرد شده بر پایه‏ی طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح آب آبیاری با شوری‏های 4 (شاهد)، 8 و 12 دسی‎زیمنس بر متر به‎عنوان کرت‎های اصلی و سه ژنوتیپ شایان، موتانت ال-ام-1673 و ال ام-1303 به‎عنوان کرت‎های فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد اثر آبیاری با آب شور بر همه ویژگی‏ها به‎جز قندهای احیایی و غیراحیایی از نظر آماری معنی‏دار بود. اثر ژنوتیپ فقط بر میزان نشاسته و برهمکنش آبیاری با آب شور و ژنوتیپ بر قندهای محلول و قندهای غیر احیایی، نشاسته و کاروتنوئید معنی‏دار بود. در شرایط آبیاری با شوری 12 دسی‎زیمنس بر متر میزان پروتئین محلول و قندهای محلول به میزان 50 درصد و پرولین به میزان 45 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در شوری 8 نسبت به شوری 12 دسی‎زیمنس بر متر به میزان 28 درصد افزایش یافت. افزایش شوری سبب کاهش میزان کلروفیل (40 درصد نسبت به شوری 8 دسی‎زیمنس بر متر) و افزایش رنگیزه‏های کمکی از جمله کاروتنوئیدها (50 درصد) و آنتوسیانین‏ها (23 درصد) شد. عدم اختلاف معنی‏دار بین ژنوتیپ‏ها در اکثر صفات و با توجه به خصوصیت تحمل به شوری ژنوتیپ شایان می‏توان نتیجه‏ گرفت که دو ژنوتیپ  ال ام 1303 و ال ام 1673 نیز همانند ژنوتیپ  شایان دارای تحمل بالایی به شوری هستند. با توجه به بالاتر بودن میزان قندهای محلول، قندهای احیایی و کاروتنوئید در ژنوتیپ ال ام 1303، می‎توان نتیجه گرفت که این ژنوتیپ از وضعیت فیزیولوژیک بهتری در برابر شوری نسبت به ژنوتیپ شایان برخوردار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on some biochemical characteristics of cotton genotypes under irrigation by saline water

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Jafaraghaei 1
  • Ebrahim Zeinali 2
  • Afshin Soltani 2
  • Serrolah Galeshi 2
1 Horticulture Crops Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan,, Iran
2 Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Agronomy Department
چکیده [English]

This experiment was laid out in order to study on effect of irrigation saline water on biochemical characteristics of mutant cotton lines in Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Center, Iran at 2014-2015, by using of split plot arrangement based on complete block design with three replications. Experimental treatments were three irrigation water [4 (as control), 8 and 12 dS m-1] at main plots and three cotton genotypes (LM1673, LM1303 and Shayan) in sub plots. Results showed that the effect of irrigation using saline water on all traits was significant except reducing and non-reducing sugars. Effect of cultivar was significant on starch content and interaction between irrigation using saline water and cultivars was significant on soluble and non-reducing sugars, starch content and carotenoids. Irrigation by 12 dS m-1 saline water, soluble protein and soluble sugars increased as 50% and prolin content increased as 45% rather than control treatment. Proxidase (POX) enzyme activity in irrigation by 8 dS m-1 saline water treatment increased as 50% rather than irrigation by 12 dS m-1 saline water treatment. By increasing of irrigation water salinity, decreased chlorophyll content (40% rather than 8 dS m-1 saline water) and increased relief pigments such as carotenoids (50%) and anthocyanin (23%). In many traits, because of non-significant different amomg genotypes and with regards to high tolerance characteristics of Shayan genotype to salinity can be concluded that LM-1303 and LM-1673 had high tolerance to salinity same to Shayan genotype. With regard to higher soluble sugar, non-reducing sugar and carotenoids in LM-1303 genotype, can be concluded that this genotype had better physiological status under salinity compare to Shayan genotype.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin: Peroxidase: Saline: Chlorophyll

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