بهینه سازی مصرف کود نیتروژن و فاصله ردیف جهت افزایش عملکرد رقم پنبه گلستان درکشت دوم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور،سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور،سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

این طرح با هدف بررسی تاثیر مقدار نیتروژن و فاصله ‎ردیف بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد پنبه رقم گلستان در قالب کرت‎های خردشده (اسپلیت پلات) با طرح پایه بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی در 4 تکرار در سال‎های 1391 و 1392 به‌مدت دو سال زراعی بعد از برداشت کلزا اجرا شد. عامل اصلی آزمایش چهار سطح نیتروژن شامل صفر، 50، 100 و 150 درصد توصیه کودی و عامل فرعی 4 فاصله ردیف شامل40،60،80 و100 سانتی‎متر بودند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش سطوح کود نیتروژن از صفر به 150 درصد توصیه شده، عملکرد در واحد سطح از 2504 به 2834 کیلوگرم در هکتار افزایش یافت این افزایش از نظر آماری معنی‎دار بود اما بین سطوح کودی نیتروژن50، 100 و 150 توصیه کودی از نظر عملکرد در واحدسطح اختلاف معنی دار وجود نداشت. استفاده از کود نیتروژن بیشتر از توصیه کودی باعث افزایش ارتفاع بوته، طول شاخه رویا و زایا گردید اما بر زودرسی پنبه تاثیری نداشت. کاهش فاصله ردیف منجر به کاهش  ارتفاع بوته، طول شاخه‎ رویا و زایا و تراکم علف‎های  هرز در واحد سطح شد اما باعث افزایش عملکرد کل و درصد زودرسی محصول گردید. کمترین ارتفاع بوته و طول شاخه رویا در فاصله ردیف 40 سانتی‎متر بدست آمد. در هر سطح کود نیتروزن، بیشترین عملکرد کل پنبه با فاصله ردیف40 سانتی‎متر بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing the nitrogen fertilizer use and row spacing for yield increasing of Cotton cv. Golestan in double-cropping

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolghadir Ghajari 1
  • Abdolreza Gharanjiki 2
  • Ahmad Dieji 1
1 Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
2 Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

A field experiment was performed to studying interaction effect of nitrogen levels and plant row spacing on yield and yield components of cotton vs. Golestan. After canola harvesting, treatments were arranged and planted by split plots in basic randomized complete blocks design with 4 replications. Plots were 4 nitrogen levels including 0, 50, 100 and 150 percent of recommended fertilizers amounts as main plots and 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm plant row spacing as sub plots. Before planting, fertilizer recommending was determined basis of soil testing in 0-30 cm depth. Results showed significantly increasing yield, plant height and vegetative and reproductive branch lengths. Decreasing plant row spacing decreased boll number per plant, plant height, vegetative and reproductive branch lengths and weed density per square meter so that the lowest boll number per plant, plant height, vegetative and reproductive branch lengths and weed density per square meter were obtained 40 cm plant row spacing. This treatment produced the highest total and first picking yield. On yield increasing, boll number per square meter had the more effect than boll number per plant because plant density increasing in area unit reduced boll number per plant, in contrast, plant density increasing in area unit increased boll number in area unit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Yield components
  • Fertilizer recommendation
  • Weed density

مراجع

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