به‌کارگیری روش‌های چندمتغیره امی و تجزیه گرافیکی بای‌پلات جهت برآورد اثر برهمکنش ژنوتیپ- محیط در ژنوتیپ‌های پنبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، باشگاه پژوهشگران و نخبگان جوان، کرج، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین پایداری و سازگاری عملکرد وش و تجزیه‌وتحلیل اثر برهمکنش ژنوتیپ- محیط ۱۵ ژنوتیپ پنبه طی سال زراعی 1396 در چهار منطقه بیرجند، شیراز، کرج و کاشمر در قالب طرح‌ بلوک‌‌های‌ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار پایه‌ریزی و اجرا گردید. تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد که اثر محیط در سطح احتمال پنج درصد و اثر ژنوتیپ و برهمکنش ژنوتیپ- محیط در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار است. بر اساس نتایج مدل امی تنها مؤلفه اصلی اول معنی‌داری شد و حدود 63 درصد از تغییرات برهمکنش ژنوتیپ با محیط را تبیین نمود. طبق بای‌پلات میانگین عملکرد و مقادیر مؤلفه‌ اصلی اول برهمکنش در مدل امی ژنوتیپ‌های دلتاپاین 25، اولتان، SP731، ورامین، SB35 و شیرپان 603 از برهمکنش نزدیک به صفر برخوردار بودند که در بین آن‌ها تنها دو ژنوتیپ‌ SB35 و ورامین به دلیل عملکرد بالاتر از میانگین کل به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ‌های پایدار با عملکرد بالا شناخته شدند. بر اساس تجزیه گرافیکی بای‌پلات محیط‌های تحت بررسی در دو محیط کلان قرار گرفتند و ژنوتیپ‌های سازگار و پایدار هر یک از محیط‌های کلان مشخص گردید. بیرجند و شیراز اولین محیط کلان بوده و ژنوتیپ‌های بختگان و مهر بیشترین سازگاری خصوصی را با آن‌ها نشان دادند. ژنوتیپ
 N-200 دارای بالاترین سازگاری خصوصی با مناطق کرج و کاشمر (دومین محیط کلان) بود. نمودار‌های ژنوتیپ و محیط ایده‌آل به ترتیب ژنوتیپ SB35 و محیط بیرجند را نزدیک‌ترین ژنوتیپ و محیط به ایده‌آل‌‌ترین حالت ممکن معرفی نمودند. نتایج حاصله مؤید تأثیر زیاد برهمکنش ژنوتیپ- محیط بر عملکرد وش ژنوتیپ‌های پنبه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Using AMMI and Biplot Graphical Analysis Multivariate Methods to Evaluate the Effect of Genotype-Environment Interaction in Cotton Genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Saremirad 1
  • Khodadad Mostafavi 2
1 Plant breeding Ph. D. student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2 Associated Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to determine the yield stability and adaptability and also analysis of the effect of genotype-environment interaction of 15 cotton genotypes in four regions of Birjand, Shiraz, Karaj, and Kashmar in randomized complete block design with three replications. Combined analysis of variance showed that the effect of environment was significant at the 5% level probability and the effects of genotype and genotype-environment interaction were significant at the 1% level probability. Based on AMMI model only the first main component of the interaction effect was significant and explained about 63% of changes related to the interaction of genotype with the environment. According to the biplot of average yield of genotypes and environments and first main components of interaction in the AMMI model, genotypes of DeltaPin 25, Oltan, SP731, Varamin, SB35, and Shirpan 603 had a nearly zero interaction, among them SB35 and Varamin genotypes were due to yield higher than the total mean as high yield stable genotypes. Based on graphical biplot analysis, the environments studied were located in two mega-environments and consistent genotypes were identified in each mega-environment. The first mega-environment included Birjand and Shiraz and Bakhtegan and Mehr genotypes had the most specific adaptability with them. N-200 genotype had the highest specific adaptability with Karaj and Kashmar (second mega-environment). The ideal genotypes and environment biplots, respectively, introduced SB35 and Birjand to the nearest genotype and environment to the most ideal condition. The results confirm the high effect of genotype-environment interaction on the yield of cotton genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Polygon biplot
  • Stability
  • Cotton
  • principal component
  • Mega-environment

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