نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، ایران، داراب
2 معاون پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Objective: Cotton is one of the most important industrial crops worldwide, cultivated for fiber production and oilseed. Determining the germplasm characteristics in terms of desired traits facilitates the development of breeding populations designed to achieve specific goals. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of promising cotton genotypes and select superior genotypes.
Materials and Methods: In order to study some agronomic traits and identify desirable genotypes using various statistical methods, 12 cotton genotypes along with 2 commercial varieties of the region including Bakhtegan and Golestan (as controls) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications at HassnabadDarab Agricultural Research Station during the 2021-2022 crop year.
Results: The combined analysis of variance showed that the effect of genotype was significant for all studied traits at a 1% probability level, indicating significant genetic diversity among the studied genotypes. Based on the results of statistical various methods including cluster analysis, genotype × trait biplot (GTbiplot), multivariate genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI), and selection index of ideal genotype (SIIG), genotypes AM-742, Tj82, and AM-1525 were identified as the top performers, while genotypes 90-10699, Bakhtegan, and TTb-17 were recognized as the weakest genotypes. According to the cluster analysis, cotton genotypes were classified into three distinct groups, facilitating their selection and use in various breeding programs and objectives. Genotype Am-742 ranked third in the cluster and had the highest mean performance in terms of yield, fiber length, fiber strength, boll count per plant, and earliness. GTbiplot analysis showed that AM-1525 and TTb-14 genotypes exhibited greater diversity compared to other studied genotypes. Furthermore, the results showed that the AM-1525 genotype and the Bakhtegan cultivar are very different in terms of various traits and suggesting their potential use in breeding programs to achieve maximum diversity and obtain hybrids with desirable performance, early maturity, and high boll weight and count. REML analysis results indicated that the highest heritability value belonged to fiber strength (0.89), while the lowest heritability values were related to yield (0.43) and earliness percentage (0.49).
Conclusion: genotypes AM-742, Tj82, and AM-1525 have the potential to be introduced as new varieties and used in breeding programs to create higher genetic diversity. Genotype AM-742, in addition to its high yield, is earlier than other genotypes under investigation. Genotype Tj82 has the highest number of bolls per plant and higher values in other studied traits compared to the average of the investigated genotypes. These characteristics can be utilized in the improvement of commercial varieties and the development of new varieties in breeding programs.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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