ارزیابی عملکرد وش، اجزای آن، زودرسی و تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری خصوصیات ریخت‌شناختی سه ژنوتیپ‌ دورگ متحمل به شوری جدید در دست معرفی پنبه تار متوسط(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال کرج

2 موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

3 مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال

4 استادیار پژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال

5 پژوهشگر مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال

6 معاون پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور

7 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، ایران، داراب

10.22092/ijcr.2024.366840.1224

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: پنبه گیاه زراعی نسبتاً متحمل به شوری است، با این وجود شوری اراضی کشاورزی و آب آبیاری رو به گسترش یکی از مشکلات زراعت پنبه است. اصلاح ارقام متحمل به شوری پنبه یکی از راه‌کارهای مقابله با این شرایط از و اهمیت فوق-العاده برخوردار است. بنابراین عملکرد وش، اجزای آن، زودرسی و تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری خصوصیات ریخت‌شناختی سه ژنوتیپ دورگ متحمل به تنش شوری جدید پنبه تار متوسط: TB52، SB26 و TJ82در مقایسه با دو رقم تجاری شاهد حکمت و گلستان ارزیابی شدند.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش در مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه (گرگان-ایستگاه تحقیقات پنبه هاشم آباد و کارکنده کردکوی و داراب) و مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال(کرج) طی سال1400- 1399 اجرا شد. صفات بررسی شده ارتفاع بوته، طول و تعداد شاخه رویا و زایا، تعداد و وزن غوزه، عملکرد وش، شاخص زودرسی، طول، استحکام، کشش، شاخص ظرافت، یکنواختی، درخشندگی و زردی الیاف، ارتفاع اولین شاخه زایا از زمین، اندازه برگ، طول دمگل و وزن یک‌صد بذر و 34 خصوصیت کمی و کیفی ریخت‌شناختی آنها مطابق دستورالعمل بین‌المللی آزمون‌ تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری(DUS) پنبه بودند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد ژنوتیپ دورگ متحمل به شوری جدیدTJ82 از برتری نسبت به ژنوتیپ‌های دورگ متحمل به شوری جدید مورد بررسی برخوردار بود. همچنین نتایج ارزیابی تمایز صفات کمی ژنوتیپ‌های دورگ متحمل به شوری جدید در استان البرز(کرج) نشان داد ژنوتیپ دورگ متحمل به شوری جدید TJ82به‌لحاظ5 صفت کمی وزن100 بذر، ارتفاع بوته، استحکام، یکنواختی و درخشندگی الیاف و ژنوتیپ دورگ متحمل به شوری جدیدTB52 ازنظر4 صفت کمی طول دمگل غوزه، طول، استحکام و ظرافت از برتری برخوردار بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج این تحقیق ژنوتیپ دورگ متحمل به شوری جدیدTJ82 را می‌توان به‌عنوان رقم جدید برای معرفی انتخاب کرد. همچنین به‌طورکلی ارزیابی تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری دورگ‌های متحمل به شوری جدید در دست معرفی مورد بررسی نشان داد این ژنوتیپ‌ها به‌لحاظ22 صفت ریخت‌شناختی از تمایز و یکنواختی پایدار برخوردار بودند. بنابراین، با استناد به مفاد ماده 3 قانون ثبت ارقام گیاهی و کنترل و گواهی بذر و نهال باتوجه به جدید بودن ژنوتیپ‌های دورگ متحمل به شوری جدید مورد بررسی و برخورداری آنها از تمایز با ارقام ثبت یا شناخته شده قبلی از نظر خصوصیات ژنتیکی و یکنواخت بودن آنها ازنظر ظاهری، این ژنوتیپ‌ها قابل ثبت می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of seed cotton yield, its components, earliness, fiber quality and morphological characteristics distinctness, uniformity and stability of three Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) new introducing tolerant to salinity hybrid genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • AIDIN HAMIDI 1
  • Mohsen Fathi 2
  • Mohammad Reza Zangi 2
  • Mohammadreza Jazaeri Noosh Abadi 3
  • Mehran Sharafizadeh 4
  • Maryam Najafian fakhraei 5
  • Omran Alishah 6
  • Mohammad Razi Nataj 2
  • mitra vanda 7
  • Rasmieh Hamid 2
1 Scientific member
2 Cotton Research Institute Assistant Professor-Goegan
3 Seed and Plant Registration and Certification Research Institute (SPCRI)
4 Assistant Professor of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute - Karaj
5 Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
6 Coton Research Institute Professor-Gorgan
7 Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Iran. Darab
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Cotton is a relatively tolerant to salinity crop, however, the increasing salinity of agricultural lands and irrigation water is one of the problems of cotton cultivation. The improvement of tolerant to salinity cotton cultivars is one of the solutions to encountring with this condition and is extremely important. Therefore, the seed cotton yield, its components, earliness, fiber quality and morphological characteristics distinctness, uniformity and stability of three tolerant to the salinity stress cotton new hybrid genotypes: TB52, SB26 and TJ82 were evaluated in comparison to two commercial common cultivated cultivars Hekmat and Golestan as control. Materials and methods: This research was carried out at the Cotton Research Institute (Gorgan-Hashem Abad and Kordkuy Karkandh Cotton Research Stations and Darab AgriculturalResearch Station) and the Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (Karaj) during 2020-2021 years. The evaluated traits are plant height, length and number of vegetative and reproductive branches, number and weight of bolls, seed cotton yield, earliness index, length, strength, elasticity, fineness index, uniformity, reflectance degree and yellowness of fibers, height of the first reproductive branch from the ground, leaf size , boll peduncle length and 100 seeds weight and 34 quantitative and qualitative morphological characteristics were according to the international guidelines for distinctness, uniformity and stability test (DUS) of cotton.
Results: The results showed that the tolerant to the salinity new hybrid cotton genotype TJ82 was superior to the other studied tolerant to the salinity new hybrid cotton genotypes. Also, the results of the evaluation of quantitative trait distinctness of tolerant to salinity new hybrid cotton genotypes in Alborz province (Karaj) showed that the tolerant to salinity new hybrid cotton genotype TJ82 in terms of 5 quantitative traits, 100 seeds weight, plant height, strength, uniformity and reflectance degree of fibers and the tolerant to salinity new hybrid cotton genotype TB52 was superior in terms of 4 quantitative traits: boll peduncle length and fiber length, strength and fitness.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, the new tolerant to salinity cotton hybrid genotype TJ82 can be selected as a new cultivar for introduction. Also, in general, the evaluation of distinctness, uniformity and stability of introducible new tolerant to salinity hybrid cotton genotypes showed that these genotypes had stable distinctness and uniformity in terms of 22 morphological traits. Therefore, referring to the provisions of considering the newness of the investigated new tolerant to salinity hybrid cotton genotypes and their distinction from previously registered or known cultivars in terms of morphological characteristics and appearance uniformity, these genotypes can be registered.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Introduction
  • Comercilization
  • Variety registration
  • Salinity stress

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