نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران
2 استادپژوهش موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Objectives: Potassium is an important element for growth and development of cotton. Deficiency of this element in cotton plants leads to occurrence of several physiological, metabolic and biochemical disorders, resulting in decreasing yield. Researches have shown that response of cotton genotypes to potassium fertilizer application in different regions and conditions is not evermore identical. Therefore, potassium fertilizer recommendations for different genotypes need to regional studies. In this study, effect of different amounts of potassium was investigated on yield and yield components of cotton genotypes in delayed cultivation (after wheat harvest). Based on the results, the appropriate potassium fertilizer recommendation can be determined and introduced for genotype/ genotypes.
Materials and Methods: A field experiment was conducted as split-plot design in a soil having low available potassium. Treatments were including nine cotton genotypes and six potassium amounts. Cotton genotypes and potassium amounts were assigned to main-plots and sub-plots, respectively. Potassium treatments were added to soil in band application along planted rows. Other farming operations were performed identically and based on technical instructions for all plots. Traits measured included boll weight, boll number per plant, yield, dry matter, and potassium uptake by plant. Statistical methods were used to data analyze and means values comparison.
Results: Analyzing variance showed significantly effects of genotypes on yield and yield components. However, effect of potassium on boll number per plant was not significant, other measured traits showed significantly response to potassium. Interaction effect between genotypes and potassium on yield and yield components was not significant. Comparison of means values showed despite of producing the heaviest bolls by genotypes of Bakhtegan and Kashmar, these genotypes produced the lowest yield due to having the least boll number per plant. Conversely, Sajedi produced the most yield than other genotypes, because this genotype produced the highest boll number per plant. In spite of producing the lower boll weight by Sajedi than majority of genotypes, comparison of means values of other traits proved Sajedi was Superior option among genotypes. Although, increasing potassium consumption led to Simultaneously enhancing values of studied traits, while the effect of potassium levels on yield and yield components was significant up to a level of 75 kg/ha, hence the difference between potassium treatments was not significant at higher levels than 75 kg/ha.
Conclusion: Sajedi genotype had the highest yield among genotypes. Therefore, this genotype is the first priority for delayed cotton cultivation (after wheat harvest) in the studied area, After the Sajedi, the next priorities are with the Golestan and Armaghan genotypes, respectively. The next finding is that delayed cotton cultivation in the region needs to potassium application, the amount of which is equal to 75 kg K2O (equivalent to 125 kg/ha of potassium chloride fertilizer).
کلیدواژهها [English]