ارزیابی برخی صفات کمی و کیفی شش ژنوتیپ جدید در دست معرفی پنبه(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیأت علمی

2 معاون پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور

3 پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته ای سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران

4 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی ورامین

5 مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور

6 عضو هیات علمی

7 مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال

10.22092/ijcr.2022.359154.1184

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: هدف این تحقیق ارزیابی تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری (DUS) برخی صفات کمی وکیفی شش ژنوتیپ جدید در دست معرفی پنبه به‌منظور بررسی قابلیت‌های بالقوه زراعی و تولید محصول این ژنوتیپ‌ها به‌عنوان ارقام جدید زراعی و ایجاد کلکسیون مرجع خصوصیات ریخت‌شناختی با هدف شناسایی و ثبت ارقام جدید و شناسائی شناسه‌های مورفولوژیک لازم برای ارزیابی خلوص ژنتیکی و اصالت رقم در فرآیند نظارت بر تولید بذر تجاری آتی آن‌ها بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: عملکرد وش، تعداد قوزه در بوته، وزن قوزه و زودرسی و34 خصوصیت کمی و کیفی ریخت‌شناختی شش ژنوتیپ جدید در امیدبخش پنبه تار متوسط 1- SKG (Gossypium hirsutum L.)، 2-GKSK249، 3-96_A3، 4- GKTB113، 5 -ANBK و 6-ANB414 در مقایسه با ارقام شاهد: 1- ورامین و 2- گلستان در سال‌های 1398 و 1399 مطابق دستورالعمل بین‌المللی آزمون تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری (DUS) پنبه به‌صورت آزمایشی در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار ارزیابی شدند. 
یافته‌ها: نتایج صفات کمی بررسی شده نشان داد، ژنوتیپ‌های جدید ANB414 و ANBK به‌ترتیب به‌واسطه برخورداری از بیشترین عملکرد وش و تعداد قوزه در بوته و زودرسی بیشتر ژنوتیپ جدید96_A3، همچنین به‌واسطه برخورداری ژنوتیپ‌های جدید ANB414 و GKTB113 به‌ترتیب از بیشترین طول و کشش الیاف در مقایسه ارقام شاهد و سایر ژنوتیپ‌های بررسی شده ژنوتیپ‌های جدید برتر بودند. همچنین ژنوتیپ‌های جدید پنبه مورد بررسی در مقایسه با یکدیگر و ارقام شاهد ازلحاظ صفات ریخت‌شناختی مختلف مورد بررسی متمایز بودند و تمایز آن‌ها از یکنواختی و پایداری برخوردار بود. ازاین‌رو، ژنوتیپ‌های جدید پنبه بررسی شده به‌طور بالقوه از شایستگی برای معرفی به‌عنوان ارقام زراعی جدید برخوردار بودند.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج صفات کمی بررسی شده نشان داد، ژنوتیپ‌های جدید ANB414 و ANBK به‌ترتیب به‌واسطه برخورداری از بیشترین عملکرد وش و تعداد قوزه در بوته و زودرسی بیشتر ژنوتیپ جدید96_A3، همچنین به‌واسطه برخورداری ژنوتیپ‌های جدید ANB414 و GKTB113 به‌ترتیب از بیشترین طول و کشش الیاف در مقایسه ارقام شاهد و سایر ژنوتیپ های بررسی شده ژنوتیپ‌های جدید برتر بودند. همچنین ژنوتیپ‌های جدید پنبه مورد بررسی در مقایسه با یکدیگر و ارقام شاهد ازلحاظ صفات ریخت‌شناختی مختلف مورد بررسی متمایز بودند و تمایز آنها از یکنواختی و پایداری برخوردار بود. ازاین‌رو، ژنوتیپ‌های جدید پنبه بررسی شده به‌طور بالقوه از شایستگی برای معرفی به‌عنوان ارقام زراعی جدید برخوردار بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of six newly introduced genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • AIDIN HAMIDI 1
  • Omran Alishah 2
  • Mohammad Reza Rahemi 3
  • Akram Mohajer Abbasi 4
  • Yasser Jafari 5
  • Jafar Hoseinpoor 5
  • Kamal Ghasemi Bezdi 6
  • Mohammadreza Jazaeri Noosh Abadi 7
  • Maryam Najafian 7
1 Scientific member
2 Cotton Research Institute(CRI)
3 Atomic Energy Organization of Iran Nuclear Agriculture Institute
4 Varamin Agriculture Research center
5 Cotton Research Institute
6 Fellow Member
7 Seed and Plant Registration and Certification Research Institute (SPCRI)
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: The objective of the research was to evaluate six newly introduced cotton genotypes for some quantitative and qualitative traits, distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) to assess potential crop production and agronomic ability as new varieties, and to establish a reference collection of morphological traits for the purpose of identifying the necessary morphological descriptors for genetic purity and determining the authenticity of the varieties in the subsequent control of commercial seed production.
Materials and Methods: Seed cotton yield, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, and earliness of 34 quantitative and qualitative morphological traits of six new promising genotypes of Uplandcotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.): 1- SK6, 2- GKSK4, 3-96_A3, 4- GKTB113, 5- ANBK and 6- ANBK414 compared with control cultivars: 1- Varamin and 2- Golestan in 2019 and 2020 according to the International Guidelines for the Conduct of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) Tests evaluated as a complete block trial with four replicates.
Results: The new genotypes ANB414 and ANBK had the highest cotton seed yield and the highest number of bolls per plant, and the new genotype 96_A3 was the earliest genotype. In addition, the new genotypes ANB414 and GKTB113 had the highest fiber length and extension and were superior to the control cultivars and other genotypes studied. The new cotton genotypes resembled the control cultivars in 12 qualitative morphological traits and differed from other new genotypes in 22 qualitative morphological traits.
Conclusion: The results of the quantitative traits studied showed that the new genotypes ANB414 anُd ANBK had the highest cotton seed yield and the highest number of bolls per plant, while the new genotype 96_A3 had higher earliness, while the new genotypes ANB414 and GKTB113 had the highest fiber length and extension compared to the control varieties. In addition, the studied new cotton genotypes were distinguishable based on various studied morphological characteristics compared to each other and to the control cultivars and had uniform and stable distinctness. Therefore, the studied new cotton genotypes are potentially suitable for introduction as new varieties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Morphological characteristic
  • Cotton
  • Variety registration
  • Distinctness
  • Uniformity and Stability

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